Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a nucleotide polymer present in every living cell. Yeast, usually Saccharomyces cerevisiae, serves as the typical source for the supplement. The product contains a complex mix of RNA fragments. Manufacturers sometimes claim this mixture provides broader nucleotide support than DNA or single nucleoside supplements.
Digestive enzymes break oral RNA supplements into individual nucleotides and nucleosides before absorption. Intact RNA does not survive the gut well. Mainstream evidence does not back a specific health benefit for healthy people. Specialized clinical formulas occasionally include RNA for patients with poor gut function, but this application does not apply to general consumer use.
Most people take RNA supplements in capsule or powder form alongside food to make them easier on the stomach. Product quality and availability vary a lot. The FDA has not approved these supplements for safety or effectiveness.