Bees make propolis from tree buds and plant resins, using it to seal and protect the hive. The substance contains a mix of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and other plant compounds. People commonly reach for propolis capsules, tablets, or liquid extracts to support immune function during cold season or to maintain oral and throat health. Some also apply it to the skin for minor wound support, but internal use is more typical for general wellness. Taking it with a meal is standard practice.
Bee products can trigger allergic reactions. Anyone allergic to bee stings or bee products should avoid propolis. The resin may slow blood clotting, so caution makes sense before surgery. Possible interactions exist with blood thinning medications such as warfarin.